SLU SCORE Module Pre-print Repository

This page contains education materials for the SCORE Network that were created by faculty and students from the Department of Mathematics, Computer Science, and Statistics at St. Lawrence University.

Please note that these material have not yet completed the required pedagogical and industry peer reviews to become a published module on the SCORE Network.

However, all modules listed under their respective sports have been reviewed by a St. Lawrence University statistics instructor and are able for others to use.

Modules posted in the Early Drafts tab have not yet been fully vetted by a statistics/data science instructor. Instructors are welcome to use them, but should expect to make modifications to the materials.

All Modules

Browse all modules below. Use the sidebar to filter by sport or visit by statistics topic.

Pickleball: Estimating the proportion of dependable DUPR ratings

Confidence Intervals
Proportions

Estimate the proportion of collegiate pickleball players who have a dependable overall DUPR reliability score (of 60% or higher).

Jul 14, 2025
Faith Rhinehart, Ivan Ramler, Jessica Chapman

NBA Wingspan & Performance

Webscraping
Data Visualization
Data Wrangling
Joining / Merging

Exploring wingspan and performance in the NBA by cleaning, merging and analyzing datasets.

Jul 10, 2025
Cooper Olney, Ivan Ramler

Pickleball: Comparing Reliability in Player Ratings for Doubles vs Singles Matches

Paired Data

Using matched pairs to determine a difference in mean reliability scores for pickleball player ratings in doubles vs singles matches.

Jul 10, 2025
Faith Rhinehart, Jessica Chapman, Robin Lock, Ivan Ramler

Sampling Distributions: Shai Gilgeous-Alexander 2024-25 Points

Sampling Distributions
Simulation
Central Limit Theorem

Explore the concept of sampling distributions using Shai Gilgeous-Alexander’s regular season scoring data to simulate playoff scenarios.

Jul 1, 2025
Cooper Olney, Ivan Ramler, Robin Lock

Investigating The Difference in Olympic Figure Skating Scores Throughout the Years

ANOVA
Post Hoc Comparisons

Using ANOVA to explore differences in mean scores throughout the years of Winter Olympic Figure Skating

Jun 27, 2025
Faith Rhinehart, Jessica Chapman, Ivan Ramler

Olympic Swimming - Changes in the 100m Women’s Event

Boxplots
Confidence Intervals
Two-Sample Tests

Describing 100m event times for Women Olympic Swimmers from 1924 to 2020

Jun 24, 2025
Brendan Karadenes, Robin Lock, Ivan Ramler

Clinton Canoe Regatta: Describing Distributions

Histograms
Boxplots
Normal Distributions
Skewness

Using data from the Clinton Canoe Regatta to compare distributios of finishing times for pro and non-pro style canoes.

Jun 20, 2025
Phoebe Jones, Ivan Ramler

Clinton Canoe Regatta: Graphing and Data Manipulation

Data Visualization
Data Wrangling

Using explore data from the Clinton Canoe Regatta using data wrangling and visualization.

Jun 17, 2025
Phoebe Jones, Robin Lock, Ivan Ramler

Raisin River Results and Oulier Impact/Exclusion

Linear Regression
Outliers

Investigate how water flow relates to race dropout rates in the Raisin River Race by fitting a linear regression model.

Jun 11, 2025
Phoebe Jones, Robin Lock

Olympic Rowing Medals Between 1900 and 2022 - Data Wrangling

Data Wrangling
Tidyverse

Arranging data to analyze the total number of medals and the weighted points for nations competing in rowing events in the Summer Olympic Games between 1900 and 2022.

Jun 5, 2025
Abigail Smith, Robin Lock, Ivan Ramler

Olympic Rowing Medals Between 1900 and 2022 - Summary Statistics

Summary Statistics
Outliers
Data Visualization
Confounding variable

The total number of medals and the weighted points for nations competing in rowing events in the Summer Olympic Games between 1900 and 2022.

Jun 5, 2025
Abigail Smith, Ivan Ramler, Robin Lock

Modeling the Impact of Age on Powerlifting

Linear Regression
Data Visualization
Data Wrangling

Exploring the impact of age on powerlifting using polynomial regression.

May 8, 2025
Sarah Sheldon, Ivan Ramler

Correlations in Division 1 Men’s and Women’s Lacrosse

Linear Regression
Indicator Variables

How much of an impact does winning the draw/face-off have on the final results of a lacrosse game?

Apr 5, 2025
Jill Tyrrell, Ivan Ramler

Women’s NCAA Basketball - Building a shiny app

Data Visualization
Shiny
R

Tutorial on how to make an intro shiny app using Caitlin Clark’s NCAA season statistics.

Apr 3, 2025
Abby Sikora, Ivan Ramler

NCAA Women’s Gymnastics and Bootstrap Distributions

Bootstrap Methods
Confidence Intervals
Paired Data

Use bootstrap distributions and confidence intervals to compare beam scores between 1st and 4th place teams at the NCAA Women’s Gymnastics National Championship.

Jul 22, 2024
Vivian Johnson, Robin Lock

Football Recruiting and Impact in the NFL

Data Wrangling
Data Visualization
Tidyverse

Cleaning and analyzing football data for top high school wide receivers who played in the NFL in 2023.

Jul 17, 2024
Brendan Karadenes, Robin Lock

Division Three Volleyball Timeouts

Proportions
Confidence Intervals

Investigating the effect of timeouts on the outcome of a set.

Jul 12, 2024
Ivan Ramler, Cassie Richter, Sierra Hess, Vivian Johnson

Do NBA Draft Picks Matter? Wrangling and Analyzing Player Minutes

ANOVA
Post Hoc Comparisons
Data Visualization
Data Wrangling
Tidyverse

This module involves cleaning and wrangling NBA draft data, creating visualizations, and using ANOVA with post hoc comparisons to examine differences in average minutes played across first-round pick groups.

Jul 1, 2024
Vivian Johnson, Robin Lock

Do NBA Draft Picks Matter? Exploring Player Minutes with ANOVA

ANOVA
Hypothesis Testing
Confidence Intervals
Summary Statistics
Data Visualization

This module uses NBA draft data to test for differences in average minutes played across early, mid, and late first-round picks using ANOVA and visualizations.

Jul 1, 2024
Vivian Johnson, Robin Lock

2024 College Ultimate Championship Statistics

Data Cleaning
Joining / Merging
Data Visualization

Statistics from the 2024 College Ultimate Championships to be tidied and plotted.

Jun 26, 2024
Gavin Cassidy, Robin Lock

Investigating the Impact of Tournament Length and Surface Type on Win Percentages in Professional Tennis

Data Visualization

Describing distribution shapes and interpreting visualizations or Men’s Professional Tennis data.

Jun 24, 2024
Eric Seltzer, Ivan Ramler

Disc Golf Pro Tour - Driving or Putting?

Correlation
Data Visualization
Summary Statistics

What is more correlated with success on the Disc Golf Pro Tour, Driving or Putting?

Jun 13, 2024
Gavin Cassidy, Ivan Ramler

Strength Ratios - Flat Dumbbell Press to Barbell Bench Press

Data Collection Methods
Confidence Intervals

Critically exploring self reported strength ratios.

Jun 13, 2024
Vivian Johnson, Ivan Ramler

Does Aggression Pay Off? Modeling Handball Player Performance

Linear Regression
Data Visualization
Correlation

Use linear regression to model handball performance as a function of offensive actions and penalties.

Jun 12, 2024
Abigail Smith, Robin Lock, Ivan Ramler

UFC: Striking Accuracy Percentages and the Normal Distribution

Normal Distribution
z-scores
Percentiles

Analyzing UFC data from 1993-2021 using the Normal Distribution

Jun 6, 2024
Brendan Karadenes, Ivan Ramler

2023-24 PWHL - Visualizing the Regular Season

Data Visualization
Grouped Comparisons
Data Wrangling

Visualizing scoring data for players during the 2023-24 Professional Women’s Hockey League season

Jun 6, 2024
Ivan Ramler, Brendan Karadenes

World Cup Women’s 10k Classic Nordic Ski Race - Splits

Linear Regression
Correlation
ANOVA

Times and ranks of skiers taken at four different distance points (1.3, 4.3, 7.5, and 10k) in a 10k classic race in Trondheim, Norway.

May 16, 2024
Abigail Smith, Robin Lock

What Can Box Scores Tell Us? Exploring WNBA Player Stats

Data Wrangling
Missing Data
Frequency Tables

Explore WNBA box score data to compare positional differences in player performance using summary statistics and visualizations.

May 15, 2024
Kristen Varin, Ivan Ramler

Women’s Alpine Skiing World Giant Slalom - Data Cleaning

Data Wrangling
Webscraping

Statistics from two runs at a Women’s World Cup Alpine Skiing Giant Slalom Race at Mont-Tremblant

May 15, 2024
Emelia Agostinelli, Robin Lock

Women’s Alpine Skiing Giant Slalom - Paired Data

Paired Data
Confidence Intervals
Hypothesis Testing

Statistics from two runs at a Women’s World Cup Alpine Skiing Giant Slalom Race at Mont-Tremblant

May 15, 2024
Emelia Agostinelli, Robin Lock

Analyzing Lap Times for the 2023 F1 Miami Grand Prix

Summary Statistics
Data Visualization
Outliers

Investigating lap time statistics for Max Verstappen during the 2023 F1 Miami Grand Prix

May 15, 2024
Norah Kuduk, Ivan Ramler

2023 Boston Marathon - Variability in Finish Times

Data Visualization
Summary Statistics

Visualizaing finish times for runners in the 2023 Boston Marathon.

May 13, 2024
Ivan Ramler, Jack Fay

Ski to Sea

Correlation

Using Ski to Sea results data to see which leg (sport) is more strongly related to a team’s overall finish time.

May 8, 2024
Sam Peacock, Ivan Ramler

FINA World Junior Championships 2022 Diving Data

ANOVA
Post Hoc Comparisons

Preliminary diving results of womens 16-18 1m springboard from the 2022 FINA World Junior Championships.

Apr 15, 2024
Emma Deering, Robin Lock

Formula 1 2021 World Championship

Data Visualization
Data Wrangling

Visualizing F1 data

Apr 2, 2024
Charlie Gartner, Ivan Ramler

Dakar Rally Analysis

Linear Regression
Hypothesis Testing

Investigating The 2024 Dakar Rally biker rankings and times, throughout all 12 stages.

Mar 28, 2024
Matt Maslow, Ivan Ramler

Professional Bull Riding Analysis

Linear Regression
Logistic Regression

Investigating a collection of professional bull riders and their statistics from 2023 season for the Touring Pro Division.

Mar 6, 2024
Matt Maslow, Ivan Ramler

Men’s Olympic Figure Skating - Two-Way ANOVA

ANOVA
Post Hoc Comparisons

Exploring Interaction and Main Effects on US Olympic Figure Skating

Invalid Date
Faith Rhinehart

Beijing 2022 Olympics - Cleaning and Summarizing Data

Data Wrangling
Joining / Merging
Data Visualization

Demonstrating how to clean data with different packages and summarise the data using dplyr.

Mar 8, 2024
Eric Seltzer, Ivan Ramler

League of Legends - Buffing and Nerfing

Outliers
Summary Statistics

Investigating game play statistics for League of Legends champions in two different patches.

Feb 21, 2024
Ivan Ramler, George Charalambous, A.J. Dykstra

PGA - Drive for Show, Putt for Dough?

Correlation

Using tournament data for professional golfers to see if driving or putting are more strongly related to success.

Feb 5, 2024
Alyssa Bigness, Robin Lock

Lacrosse Faceoff Proportions

One-Sample Tests
Proportions
Hypothesis Testing

Using data from NCAA Div I lacrosse teams to explore the importance of winning faceoffs

Feb 5, 2024
Jack Fay, Ivan Ramler, A.J. Dykstra

Lacrosse PLL vs. NLL

Two-Sample Tests
Hypothesis Testing
Confidence Intervals
Simulation

Comparing scoring rates between indoor and outdoor profesional lacrosse leagues.

Feb 5, 2024
Jack Cowan, Ivan Ramler, A.J. Dykstra, Robin Lock

NASCAR Transformation Module

Linear Regression
Transformations

Using NASCAR driver rating data to explore a series of transformations to improve linearity in regression.

Feb 5, 2024
Alyssa Bigness, Ivan Ramler, Jack Fay

Merging Multiple Seasons of NCAA Div 1 Softball Statistics

Joining / Merging
SQL
R

Actvity that uses multiple seasons of NCAA Div 1 Softball batting statistics to practice merging data tables.

Feb 5, 2024
Sarah Weaver, Ivan Ramler

Ironman Triathlon (Canadian Females) - Multiple Linear Regression

Linear Regression

Using Lake Placid Ironman triathlon results for female Canadian finishers to predict run times for participants based on both swim and bike times.

Feb 5, 2024
A.J. Dykstra, Ivan Ramler

Ironman Triathlon (Canadian Females) - Simple Linear Regression

Linear Regression

Using Lake Placid Ironman triathlon results for female Canadian finishers to predict run times for participants based on bike times.

Feb 5, 2024
A.J. Dykstra
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Other Preprint Servers

This page links to preprint repositories maintained by members of the SCORE Network. These preprint repositories are created and maintained by faculty and students from the respective institutions. Please note that these materials have not yet completed the required pedagogical and industry peer reviews to become a published module on the SCORE Network. However, instructors are still welcome to use these materials if they are so inclined.

The following are actively maintained preprint repositories:

Contributing and/or Joining the SCORE Network

Funding Source

The development of the SCORE with Data network is funded by the National Science Foundation (award 2142705).